⚡ Electrolytic Decomposition Reaction

Certainly, Mayank! Here's a Class 10–level explanation of Electrolytic Decomposition Reaction, aligned with the CBSE syllabus and written in a clear, engaging, and exam-ready format for your students.

⚡ Electrolytic Decomposition Reaction

(From Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations – Class 10 Science)

🎯 Definition:

An electrolytic decomposition reaction is a chemical reaction in which a compound is broken down into simpler substances using electricity.

✅ The process of using electric current to split a compound is called electrolysis.

📘 General Reaction Format:

AB→ElectricityA+BAB \xrightarrow{\text{Electricity}} A + B

🧪 Example: Electrolysis of Water

(As shown in NCERT Activity 1.7)

2H2O (l)→Electricity2H2(g)+O2(g)2\text{H}_2\text{O (l)} \xrightarrow{\text{Electricity}} 2\text{H}_2 (g) + \text{O}_2 (g)

  • Water (H₂O) splits into:

    • Hydrogen gas (H₂) → collected at cathode

    • Oxygen gas (O₂) → collected at anode

  • The volume of hydrogen collected is double that of oxygen (ratio 2:1)

⚡ Key Requirements:

Component Purpose
Electricity To break the chemical bonds
Dilute sulphuric acid Makes water a better conductor
Electrodes Conduct electricity into water

🔍 Type of Reaction:

  • ✅ Decomposition Reaction

  • ✅ Endothermic Reaction (energy absorbed from electric current)

📘 Classroom Summary Table:

Reactant Products Type Energy Source
H₂O (water) H₂ (gas) + O₂ (gas) Electrolytic decomposition Electricity

🧠 CBSE Exam Tip:

Q: What is an electrolytic decomposition reaction? Give an example.

✅ Answer:
A reaction in which a compound is broken down by electricity is called an electrolytic decomposition reaction.

Example:

2H2O (l)→Electricity2H2(g)+O2(g)2\text{H}_2\text{O (l)} \xrightarrow{\text{Electricity}} 2\text{H}_2 (g) + \text{O}_2 (g)

🎤 Final Thought for Students:

“Electricity isn’t just for lights — in chemistry, it can split molecules and reveal the hidden elements within!”

Would you like a step-by-step diagram, lab demo worksheet, or quiz on electrolysis for student practice? 

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