Activity 1

 Here's how you can teach Activity 1.1 – Burning of Magnesium Ribbon in a way that is safe, exam-relevant, visually descriptive, and memorable for Class 10 students:

🔥 Activity 1.1 – Burning of Magnesium Ribbon

🧪 Objective:

To observe the chemical reaction between magnesium and oxygen, and identify signs of a chemical reaction such as heat, light, and new substance formation.

⚠️ Safety First (Important for Practical Classes):

✅ This activity requires teacher supervision.
✅ Students should wear safety glasses.
✅ Maintain a safe distance from the flame.

🧰 Materials Needed:

  • Magnesium ribbon (3–4 cm)

  • Sandpaper

  • Tongs

  • Spirit lamp or Bunsen burner

  • Watch glass

🔄 Procedure:

  1. Clean the magnesium ribbon with sandpaper.
    🔍 Why? To remove the protective oxide layer on the ribbon’s surface.

  2. Hold the ribbon firmly with tongs.

  3. Bring it close to the flame of a spirit lamp or Bunsen burner.

  4. Allow it to burn completely, and collect the white ash in a watch glass.

  5. Keep your face and eyes away from the flame at all times.

👁️ What Do You Observe?

✅ The magnesium ribbon burns with a dazzling white flame.
✅ A white, powdery substance (ash) is left behind.

🧪 Conclusion:

  • The white ash is magnesium oxide (MgO).

  • A new substance is formed → a chemical reaction occurred.

🧬 Chemical Equation:

2Mg (s)+O2(g)→2MgO (s)2\text{Mg (s)} + \text{O}_2 (g) \rightarrow 2\text{MgO (s)}

  • Reactants: Magnesium (Mg), Oxygen (O₂)

  • Product: Magnesium Oxide (MgO)

🔍 Signs of Chemical Reaction in This Activity:

🔬 Change ✔ Observed?
Bright light ✔ Yes
Heat release ✔ Yes
Formation of new substance ✔ White ash (MgO)
Change in state ✔ Solid ribbon → ash

📘 Exam-Oriented Notes:

  • Common 1-mark question:
    “What do you observe when magnesium is burned in air?”

    • Answer: It burns with a bright white flame and forms a white ash.

  • Common 2- or 3-mark question:
    “Write the balanced equation and name the product formed.”

💬 Ask Students:

  1. Why do we clean the magnesium ribbon before burning it?

  2. Is this a physical or chemical change? Why?

  3. What are the signs of a chemical reaction you saw in this activity?

🎤 Closing Remark:

“This simple burning reaction is more than just flame — it’s proof that new matter is constantly forming around us, and chemistry helps us understand how and why.”

Would you like a printable lab observation table or animated demonstration video link to support this activity?

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