Activity 3

 Here's a clear, CBSE-focused, and safety-conscious explanation of Activity 1.3 from Class 10 Science – Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations, structured for classroom teaching and practical demonstration.

🧪 Activity 1.3 – Reaction of Zinc with Dilute Acid

🎯 Objective:

To observe whether a chemical reaction takes place between zinc and dilute acid, and to identify the signs of the reaction.

🧰 Materials Required:

  • Zinc granules

  • Dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) or sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄)

  • Conical flask or test tube

  • Dropper

  • Gloves and safety glasses (for lab safety)

⚠️ Safety Note:

✔ Handle acids carefully.
✔ Always wear safety goggles and gloves during the experiment.
✔ Do not inhale the gas released.

🔄 Procedure:

  1. Take a few zinc granules in a test tube or conical flask.

  2. Slowly add dilute HCl or H₂SO₄ to the test tube using a dropper.

  3. Observe the surface of the zinc granules.

  4. Gently touch the outside of the flask and note any temperature change.

👁️ Observations:

  • Bubbling or fizzing occurs → gas is evolved.

  • The test tube feels warm → temperature rises.

  • Zinc gradually dissolves into the acid.

🧪 Conclusion:

  • A chemical reaction takes place.

  • Hydrogen gas is released.

  • Heat is produced → the reaction is exothermic.

⚖️ Balanced Chemical Equations:

Using hydrochloric acid:

Zn(s)+2HCl(aq)→ZnCl2(aq)+H2(g)\text{Zn} (s) + 2\text{HCl} (aq) \rightarrow \text{ZnCl}_2 (aq) + \text{H}_2 (g)

Using sulphuric acid:

Zn(s)+H2SO4(aq)→ZnSO4(aq)+H2(g)\text{Zn} (s) + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 (aq) \rightarrow \text{ZnSO}_4 (aq) + \text{H}_2 (g)

🧠 Chemical Reaction Type:

✅ This is a displacement reaction and also an exothermic reaction.
Zinc displaces hydrogen from the acid.

📘 CBSE Exam Connections:

Likely Questions Marks
"What do you observe when zinc reacts with HCl?" 1 mark
"Name the gas evolved and how you'd test it." 1 mark
"Write the balanced chemical equation." 2 marks
"What type of reaction is this?" 1 mark

✅ Answer: Displacement + Exothermic
✅ Gas test: Bring a burning splint → ‘pop’ sound confirms hydrogen.

🔍 Signs of Chemical Reaction in This Activity:

🔬 Observation 🧾 Indicates
Bubbling/fizzing Gas (H₂) is released
Temperature increase Heat is produced → exothermic
Metal dissolving Zinc reacts to form new substance

💬 Ask Your Students:

  1. What gas is evolved in this reaction?

  2. How would you prove it's hydrogen?

  3. Why is the reaction called "exothermic"?

🎤 Closing Line:

“With just a pinch of zinc and a few drops of acid, you create a reaction powerful enough to release gas, heat, and a brand-new substance. That’s the magic — and the science — of chemical change.”

Would you like a worksheet, lab manual entry, or animated simulation for students to visualize this reaction better?

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